Health Record Rights Index · country brief · this country's data as of October 1, 2026
Who holds the health record in Slovakia?
In 2026, Slovakia scores 58 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record. It is 33rd of 198 countries and territories, and could rank anywhere from 16th to 45th allowing for scoring error, in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: you and the health system. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 1, 2026.
The person has real controls inside a government or provider system. Its strongest right, compared with the typical country, is one record across your care (66 out of 100, against 38 for the typical country). The furthest behind is your say over research use (45 out of 100, against 46 for the typical country).
Slovaks can read a national e-health record and see every access, but cannot opt out of clinician sharing, and login needs a chip ID card.
Published · updated · this country's data as of October 1, 2026 · research tool, not legal advice
overall score · Mixed band, 45 to 64
58/100
rank among 198 countries and territories; likely 16th to 45th, allowing for scoring error
In 2026, getting your full record scores 62 out of 100 in Slovakia; the typical country scores 40 to 45. The law gives patients the right to see their whole record without delay, and the national electronic health book (EZK) is online through the National Health Portal. Login needs a chip ID card with an activated e-signature, minors cannot log in, and usage figures were not verified. Source: Slov-Lex, August 1, 2026, and the other sources below.
Who controls health records in Slovakia?
In 2026, you and the health system hold the keys to your health record in Slovakia. Control over who sees it scores 50 out of 100 in Slovakia; the typical country scores 30. Patients can see who opened their EZK, when and in what role, and can grant and withdraw extra access. Providers share records without consent by law, and we found no general opt-out from clinician access. Source: slov-lex.sk, August 1, 2026, and the other sources below.
How does Slovakia compare?
In 2026, Slovakia scores 58 out of 100, against 39 for the typical country. This brief compares it with Andorra (57 out of 100), Armenia (57 out of 100) and Bulgaria (59 out of 100). Source: the ranking of all 198 countries and territories.
Eight rights, compared with Andorra, Armenia, Bulgaria, the typical EU country and the typical country
Scores out of 100, by right
Getting your full record20%
62
62 · 62 · 62
Control over who sees it20%
50
55 · 70 · 62
Privacy and security15%
58
54 · 50 · 55
One record across your care15%
66
66 · 62 · 70
Protection from sale and ads10%
58
56 · 50 · 50
Doctors see it when treating you10%
60
64 · 48 · 62
Your say over research use5%
45
50 · 46 · 44
Rules for AI in your care5%
50
30 · 40 · 50
Black dot: Slovakia. Hollow dots: Andorra, Armenia, Bulgaria (scores out of 100 on the right, same order). Gray line: the typical country of all 198. Dashed teal line: the typical EU country. Overall: Slovakia 58 out of 100, the typical EU country 61. Scores move in steps of about 5 points, so read a rank with its likely range.
What would Slovakia need to change to score higher?
Slovakia sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. Its weakest right, compared with the typical country, is your say over research use (45 out of 100, against 46 for the typical country). Every other right is at or above the typical country; the one with the most room to grow, weighted, is control over who sees it (50 out of 100, against 30 for the typical country). Our scoring rules give more points for:
Your say over research use: A way to say no to research use that is actually honored, or being asked first, plus a public list of what research used the data. That puts this right at 55 to 85 out of 100.
Control over who sees it: A way to say no to sharing (or to be asked first), a log you can read of who opened your record, and finer choices about who sees what. Together these put this right at 60 to 80 out of 100.
Which laws give health record rights in Slovakia?
Act No. 153/2013 on the National Health Information System: Creates the EZK, role-based access, patient access log, revocable consent and NCZI data release rules.
Act No. 576/2004 on Health Care: Right to see the full record without delay; ban on relatives' access; no consent needed for lawful sharing.
Act No. 18/2018 on Personal Data Protection: Supplements the GDPR in Slovakia and sets up the data protection office.
Doctors, waits and private care context, not part of the score
Doctors per 10,000
37.6 2023 · 20th highest of 38 OECD countries
Nurses and midwives per 10,000
59.7 2023 · 30th highest of 38 OECD countries
Private insurance + out-of-pocket
unknown
Record reaches private care?
yes
"Poskytnutá zdravotná starostlivosť na priamu úhradu sa neposiela do zdravotnej poisťovne v zúčtovacej dávke. Postup je v tomto prípade bez zmeny, zdravotný záznam má byť zapísaný do eZdravia aj v tomto prípade."
Real cases
April 30, 2025 · STVR Správy (Slovak public broadcaster) Patient waits over six months as former doctor holds records after a switch
December 7, 2025 · Pravda Dentists say national eHealth record lacks dental charts and images
In 2026, Slovakia scored 58 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record, 33rd of 198 countries and territories (could be 16th to 45th), in the Mixed band. Who holds the keys: you and the health system. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 1, 2026, https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/slovakia/
The 13 sources for Slovakia
Each source appears once, under the first right it supports. Titles are shown as our research agents recorded them, usually in the page's own language; text in square brackets is our machine translation. Links were checked on the date shown.
Getting your full record (3 sources)
“Zakon c. 576/2004 Z. z. o zdravotnej starostlivosti, section 25” [Act No. 576/2004 Coll. on health care, section 25] our machine translation
Slov-Lex (law or regulation) · Title in Slovak
Dated August 1, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Getting your full record; Control over who sees it; Privacy and security
“Zakon c. 153/2013 Z. z. o narodnom zdravotnickom informacnom systeme (Slov-Lex, version from 1 Aug 2026)” [Act No. 153/2013 Coll. on the National Health Information System (Slov-Lex, version from 1 Aug 2026)] our machine translation
slov-lex.sk (law or regulation) · Title in Slovak
Dated August 1, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Getting your full record; Control over who sees it; Privacy and security; Protection from sale and ads; Doctors see it when treating you; Your say over research use
“Mozem ako pacient zakazat pristup do svojej zdravotnej dokumentacie?” [Can I, as a patient, prohibit access to my medical records?] our machine translation
nahradaskody.sk (other) · Title in Slovak
Dated October 23, 2024 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Zmena pravidiel vo vykazovani zdravotnej starostlivosti od 1. jula 2026” [Change of rules in reporting health care from 1 July 2026] our machine translation
NCZI (government guidance) · Title in Slovak
No date recorded · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
SuperTruth Inc. · 24 S. 24th St., Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA · +1 215 918 4140 · supertruth.ai Something wrong? Tell us · Questions or a briefing: supertruth.ai/on-the-record#contact · Full index: healthrecordrights.com
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (38 mostly high-income countries). DTI™: the Data Trust Index, which grades the evidence behind each score. SuperTruth makes it and publishes this index. Everything here comes from public information: laws, government and regulator pages, court decisions, published news, WHO, OECD and World Bank data. Full sources: https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/slovakia/#sources. SuperTruth built this index and sells health data verification products; no one paid to be included. Research tool, not legal advice. Our scores and our own words are CC BY 4.0; quoted law and source titles stay with their owners.
