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How to get old medical records when a practice closes or a doctor retires

Start with your state's row: it says what the law requires when a practice or hospital closes and, where we found one, links the state's own page on finding old records. In 2026, state law in 29 states says what a doctor must do when a practice closes or the doctor retires or dies, most often tell patients (19 states). In 4 states there is only board guidance. In 1 state the law covers only some doctors. In 7 states we found no rule. In 1 state we could not finish reading the rule. 9 more places are under review. For hospitals, state law in 34 states and DC sets a rule for closing, most often to tell the state (28 states and DC); in 9 states we found no rule, and 7 are under review. We link an official page on finding old records in 8 states.

State laws as of ; federal rules read between and .

Not legal advice. This page says what US state laws require when a doctor's practice or a hospital closes, and where to ask for old records. It is general information, not a substitute for advice from a lawyer, and not medical advice. It shows state laws as of and federal rules read between and . Laws, offices and websites change, so check with the office itself before you rely on anything here.

Where records go when a practice closes

So far, the duty doctors most often have is to tell patients; for hospitals, it is to tell the state
  • AA State law
  • AAG Board guidance, not law
  • AA* A law for only some doctors (the row says which)
  • AA No duty shown: no rule found, under review, not researched, or another rule

Each code links to its row. A state can appear under more than one duty. A number after a code is the years the law says records must be kept after closing.

Doctors

Tell patients of the closing or how to get their records20 by law, 4 by board guidance
Records go to, or stay with, a custodian11 by law
Tell the medical board or health department11 by law
Records must still be kept after closing5 by law
No rule found7
Under review9
Not researched (we could not finish reading the rule)1
A rule that requires none of these four duties3

Hospitals

Tell patients of the closing or how to get their records10 by law
Records go to, or stay with, a custodian8 by law
Tell the state licensing agency29 by law
Records must still be kept after closing10 by law
No rule found9
Under review7
A rule that requires none of these four duties4

Source: state statutes, rules and board pages read on October 8, 2026. Each state's reading was checked by a second reader; a reading the check disputed is held back until our editors rule.

See the numbers
So far, the duty doctors most often have is to tell patients; for hospitals, it is to tell the state
DutyDoctors, state lawDoctors, guidanceHospitals, state law
Tell patients of the closing or how to get their records20: AZ CO CT DE GA IL IA NH NY ND OH OR RI SC SD TN VT VA WI WY4: ME MS WA WV10: CO FL GA IL LA OR RI SD VA WV
Records go to, or stay with, a custodian11: CT DE IA KS MA MI ND RI SC TN WI08: AZ CT FL LA MI NH SD WV
Tell the medical board or health department11: AK AR DE HI KS MI NV ND OR RI WY029: AZ CO CT FL GA HI IL IN KS LA MI MS NE NH NJ NC ND OH OK OR PA RI SC SD UT VA WA DC WY
Records must still be kept after closing5: AZ CT DE MA SC010: AR CO NE NH NC ND OK OR PA UT
No rule found7: ID KY MN MO MT NE UT9: DE ID IA ME MN MO MT VT WI
Under review9: AL FL IN MD NJ NM OK PA DC7: AK CA MD MA NM NY TX
Not researched (we could not finish reading the rule)1: CA0
A rule that requires none of these four duties3: LA NC TX4: AL KY NV TN
Total, the 50 states and DC5151

State law decides what a doctor must do with patients' records when a practice closes or the doctor retires or dies. Of the 29 places with a rule we could confirm, 19 require the doctor to tell patients (16 of them, how to get their records), 11 require the records to go to, or stay with, a custodian, 11 require the doctor to tell the medical board or health department, and 5 require the records to still be kept after closing (1 of them counts the period from the closing).

HIPAA, the federal privacy law, gives you the right to a copy from most health care providers “for as long as the protected health information is maintained in the designated record set”, with some exceptions, such as psychotherapy notes. HHS says “The HIPAA Rules apply only when PHI is created, received, maintained, or transmitted by covered entities and business associates.” A storage company or an estate holding a closed practice's records may not be one of those. To ask, see how to get your medical records.

Sources: 45 CFR 164.524, Access of individuals to protected health information, read October 5, 2026; Protecting the Privacy and Security of Your Health Information When Using Your Personal Cell Phone or Tablet (the HHS page on who HIPAA covers), read October 4, 2026; state laws as in the table.

Find your state's row

Your state's official page on finding old records

In 8 states, we link an official page on finding the records of a closed practice or hospital. Each quote is the page's own words.

In Washington, the state's page says it keeps no records of closed practices: Osteopathic Physician and Surgeon - Frequently Asked Questions | Washington State Department of Health.

Where we list no such page for your state, ask its medical board for doctors, or its health department for hospitals.

What your state requires when a doctor closes, retires or dies

Each row says what the state's law requires of a doctor and of a hospital when they close, and links the state's own page on finding old records where we found one. The page covers doctors (MD and DO) and hospitals; rules for dentists, nurses and other providers are not listed. Rows that a check disputed stay under review until our editors rule: 9 for doctors and 7 for hospitals. The table shows state laws as of October 8, 2026.

How to read a row

  • The duties are the four in the figure: tell patients, hand the records to a custodian, tell the board or the state, and keep the records after closing.
  • A custodian is a person or company the law names to hold the records after the practice closes and give patients copies.
  • The board recommends means board guidance: the medical board recommends it; no law requires it.
  • Where to ask links an official page that tells you how to find the records.
  • No rule found means we searched the state's laws, rules and board pages and found no closing rule. Ask the medical board or health department.
  • Under review means we are holding the row back: a check found a detail our stored sources do not yet support, or a second reader disagreed with the first. We show it once our editors rule. Until then, ask the medical board or health department.
  • Not researched means we could not finish reading the state's rule. MD and DO are the two kinds of licensed physician. HHS is the US Department of Health and Human Services. A state licensing agency is the state office that licenses hospitals.
What state law requires when a doctor's practice or a hospital closes, as of October 8, 2026
StateDoctorsHospitalsLaw we read
AlabamaUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.The law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.Ala. Admin. Code r. 420-5-7-.13(5).Back to the list of states
AlaskaMust tell the medical board or health departmentUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.12 AAC 40.967(30).Back to the list of states
ArizonaMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)Records go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the state licensing agencyAriz. Rev. Stat. § 32-3211(A)(1); Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-2297(B); Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 36-422(D); Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 36-422.01(A); Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 36-422.01(B).Back to the list of states
ArkansasMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)17 CAR § 140-2703(a); 17 CAR § 140-2703(c); 20 CAR § 41-113(a)(20)(A); 20 CAR § 41-113(a)(20)(B); 20 CAR § 43-113(a)(20)(B).Back to the list of states
CaliforniaNot researchedWe could not finish reading this state's rule. Ask the medical board or health department.Under reviewHeld back until our editors rule.No law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
ColoradoMust tell patients how to get their recordsQuote not yet matched word for word to our stored copy of the page; a second reader confirmed it.Must tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)C.R.S. 12-240-142(3); C.R.S. 12-240-142(1)(b); Colorado Medical Board Policy 40-07, section I.D.1 (guidance); Colorado Medical Board Policy 40-07, section I.D.2 (guidance); 6 CCR 1011-1, Chapter 2, Part 2.14.6(A)(1); 6 CCR 1011-1, Chapter 2, Part 2.14.6(A)(2); 6 CCR 1011-1, Chapter 4, Part 10.8; 6 CCR 1011-1, Chapter 2, Part 2.14.6(A)(3).Back to the list of states
ConnecticutMust tell patients of the closingRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)Records go to, or stay with, a custodianMust tell the state licensing agencyRegs. Conn. State Agencies § 19a-14-44; Conn. Gen. Stat. § 20-7c(d); Conn. Gen. Stat. § 20-7c(g); Conn. Gen. Stat. § 19a-490b(e); Conn. Gen. Stat. § 19a-490b(e)(2).Back to the list of states
DelawareMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to, or stay with, a custodianMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust keep records 7 years after closingNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026; we searched for: close; closing; closure; cease; discontinue; records; hospital24 Del. C. § 1761(a)(1); 24 Del. C. § 1761(a)(2)a.; 24 Del. C. § 1761(a)(5); 24 Del. C. § 1761(a)(4); 24 Del. C. § 1761A(a); 24 Del. C. § 1761A(b); 24 Del. C. § 1761(b)(1).Back to the list of states
FloridaUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Must tell patients of the closingRecords go to, or stay with, a custodianMust tell the state licensing agencyFla. Stat. s. 408.810(4)(a); Fla. Stat. s. 408.810(4)(b); Fla. Stat. s. 408.810(4)(b)2..Back to the list of states
GeorgiaMust tell patients how to get their recordsWhere to ask: My doctor is no longer in practice, (or my doctor is deceased). How do I obtain a copy of my medical records under these circumstances? | Georgia Composite Medical BoardMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyGa. Comp. R. & Regs. r. 360-3-.02(16)(b); Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. r. 360-3-.02(16)(b)1; Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. r. 111-8-40-.03(g); Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. r. 111-8-40-.03(g)1.Back to the list of states
HawaiiMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust tell the state licensing agencyHaw. Rev. Stat. 622-58(e).Back to the list of states
IdahoNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026; we searched for: closing practice; retire; custodian; medical records; closure; records custodianNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026No law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
IllinoisMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agency735 ILCS 5/8-2001(f); 210 ILCS 85/6.14e; 20 ILCS 2310/2310-67(b); 20 ILCS 2310/2310-67(b)(1); 77 Ill. Adm. Code 250.120(p); 77 Ill. Adm. Code 250.1510(e)(2).Back to the list of states
IndianaUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Must tell the state licensing agencyIC 16-21-17.1-2(a).Back to the list of states
IowaMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026Iowa Admin. Code r. 481-655.5(8)(d)(1); Iowa Admin. Code r. 481-655.5(8)(d)(2); Iowa Admin. Code r. 481-655.5(8)(c).Back to the list of states
KansasRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust tell the state licensing agencyK.A.R. 100-24-3; K.S.A. 65-28,128(b); K.S.A. 65-28,128(e)(1); K.A.R. 28-34-9a(d)(2).Back to the list of states
KentuckyNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026The law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.902 KAR 20:016, Section 3(11)(b)3..Back to the list of states
LouisianaThe law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.Must tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the state licensing agencyLAC 46:XLV.7603(A)(10)(c); LAC 46:XLV.7603(A)(10)(d); LSBME Statement of Position, November 20, 2008 (guidance); LAC 48:I.9307(E); LAC 48:I.9307(E)(3); LAC 48:I.9307(E)(4); LAC 48:I.9395(C).Back to the list of states
MaineBoard guidance, not lawThe board recommends telling patientsNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026Maine Board of Licensure in Medicine, Fall 2023 Newsletter, A Guide for Closing a Medical Practice (guidance).Back to the list of states
MarylandUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Under reviewHeld back until our editors rule.No law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
MassachusettsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)Under reviewHeld back until our editors rule.243 CMR 2.06(4)(d); 243 CMR 2.07(13)(f).Back to the list of states
MichiganRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the medical board or health departmentRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the state licensing agencyMCL 333.16213(6); MCL 333.16213(6)(a)(iii); MCL 333.16213(6)(b); MCL 333.20175a(2); MCL 333.20175a(2)(a)(iii); MCL 333.20175a(2)(b); Mich Admin Code R 325.45169(1); Mich Admin Code R 325.45169(4)(c).Back to the list of states
MinnesotaNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026; we searched for: closing practice medical records; retire physician records; custodian of records; deceased physician records; cease practice patient recordsWhere to ask: Medical Records Information - MN Dept. of HealthNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026; we searched for: hospital closing records; facility closing patient records; cease operations records; custodian of recordsWhere to ask: Medical Records LocatorNo law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
MississippiBoard guidance, not lawThe board recommends telling patientsMust tell the state licensing agencyMississippi State Board of Medical Licensure Policy 3.17 (guidance); Mississippi State Board of Medical Licensure Policy 3.17, Patient Notification item 4 (guidance); 15 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. 16, Subpt. 1, R. 41.5.1 (Closure); 15 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. 16, Subpt. 1, R. 41.5.1 (Closure, item E).Back to the list of states
MissouriNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026No rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026No law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
MontanaNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026No rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026No law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
NebraskaNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026Must tell the state licensing agencyMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)175 NAC 1-008.05.Back to the list of states
NevadaMust tell the medical board or health departmentWhere to ask: Investigation Division - Frequently Asked QuestionsThe law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.NRS 630.254(3)(a); NRS 630.254(3)(b); NRS 630.139(1); NAC 633.260(2); NAC 633.260(2)(a); NRS 629.061(1); NRS 449.171(1); NRS 449.171(2)(c); NAC 449.009(4).Back to the list of states
New HampshireMust tell patients of the closingRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the state licensing agencyMust keep records 7 years after closingN.H. Admin. Rules, Med 501.02(f)(9)a.; N.H. Admin. Rules, Med 501.02(f)(9)b.-c.; N.H. Admin. Rules, Med 501.02(f)(10); N.H. Admin. Rules, He-P 802.09(m); N.H. Admin. Rules, He-P 802.21(h).Back to the list of states
New JerseyUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Must tell the state licensing agencyWhere to ask: Department of Health | Integrated Health | Obtaining Patient Records (only closed state psychiatric hospitals (Hagedorn and Marlboro))N.J.A.C. 8:43G-15.1(c); proposed 51 N.J.R. 1316(a) (August 19, 2019); adopted without change, R.2021 d.039.Back to the list of states
New MexicoUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Under reviewHeld back until our editors rule.No law to cite yet.Back to the list of states
New YorkMust tell patients how to get their recordsWhere to ask: the state's page on finding recordsUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.N.Y. Pub. Health Law 18(13)(a); N.Y. Pub. Health Law 18(13)(d); N.Y. Pub. Health Law 18(13)(c).Back to the list of states
North CarolinaThe law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.Must tell the state licensing agencyMust keep records 11 years after closingN.C. Gen. Stat. 90-5.1(a)(6); 10A NCAC 13B .3903(c).Back to the list of states
North DakotaMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust tell the state licensing agencyMust keep records 10 years after closingN.D. Admin. Code 50-01-03-01(3)(a); N.D. Admin. Code 50-01-03-01(3)(b); N.D. Admin. Code 50-01-03-01(3)(c); N.D. Admin. Code 33-07-01.1-20(1)(a)(4).Back to the list of states
OhioMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyOhio Adm.Code 4731-27-03(C)(1); Ohio Adm.Code 4731-27-03(C)(3)(e); R.C. 4731.228(C)(1); R.C. 4731.228(D)(5); Ohio Adm.Code 3701-22-03(J)(2).Back to the list of states
OklahomaUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Must tell the state licensing agencyMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)OAC 310:667-19-14(b)(4).Back to the list of states
OregonMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the medical board or health departmentWhere to ask: Oregon Medical Board : Patient Records : Topics of Interest : State of OregonMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)OAR 847-012-0000(4); Oregon Medical Board Statement of Philosophy (adopted July 2008, amended October 6, 2022) (guidance); OAR 333-500-0060(2); OAR 333-500-0060(3); OAR 333-505-0050(17).Back to the list of states
PennsylvaniaUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Must tell the state licensing agencyMust keep records 5 years after closing28 Pa. Code § 115.23(c).Back to the list of states
Rhode IslandMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyR.I. Gen. Laws § 5-37-30(a); R.I. Gen. Laws § 5-37-30(c); 216-RICR-40-05-1, § 1.5.10(A)(1); 216-RICR-40-10-4, § 4.6.10(M)(1); 216-RICR-40-10-4, § 4.6.10(M)(3); 216-RICR-40-10-4, § 4.6.10(M)(4).Back to the list of states
South CarolinaMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to, or stay with, a custodianMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)Must tell the state licensing agencyS.C. Code Regs. 81-1(A); S.C. Code Regs. 81-1(C)(2); S.C. Code Regs. 81-1(C)(5); S.C. Code Regs. 81-1(D); S.C. Code Ann. § 44-115-130; S.C. Code Regs. 60-16 § 1107(D); S.C. Code Regs. 60-16 § 1107(C).Back to the list of states
South DakotaMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to, or stay with, a custodianMust tell the state licensing agencySDCL 36-4-37; ARSD 44:75:09:09.Back to the list of states
TennesseeMust tell patients of the closingRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessThe law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.Where to ask: Tennessee Department of Health ContactTenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0880-02-.15(4)(e)1; Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0880-02-.15(4)(b); Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0880-02-.15(4)(e)3(ii); Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0880-02-.15(4)(e)4(i); Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0720-14-.06(5)(f).Back to the list of states
TexasThe law has a closing rule, but none of these four duties; the Law we read column links it.Where to ask: Patient Information and Medical Records | Texas Medical BoardUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Tex. Occ. Code § 159.0061(a); Tex. Occ. Code § 159.0061(b)(1).Back to the list of states
UtahNo rule foundNext step: ask the state medical board.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026; we searched for: medical records closure; ceases practice; discontinues practice; retire; custodian; closing practice patient recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyMust still keep records after closing; the period counts from another date or comes from another rule (see how long medical records are kept)Utah Admin. Code R380-600-3(22); Utah Admin. Code R432-100-34(4)(a)-(b).Back to the list of states
VermontOnly for osteopathic physicians (DOs)Must tell patients how to get their recordsNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 20263 V.S.A. § 129a(a)(8); 3 V.S.A. § 129a(a)(25); 26 V.S.A. § 1842(b).Back to the list of states
VirginiaMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the state licensing agencyVa. Code § 54.1-2405(A); 12VAC5-410-130(G)(1); 12VAC5-410-130(G).Back to the list of states
WashingtonBoard guidance, not lawThe board recommends telling patientsIn Washington, the state's page says it keeps no records of closed practices: Osteopathic Physician and Surgeon - Frequently Asked Questions | Washington State Department of Health.Must tell the state licensing agencyWashington Medical Commission Guideline GUI2024-01, section VII.A (guidance); Washington Medical Commission Guideline GUI2024-01, section VII.D (guidance); Washington Medical Commission Guideline GUI2024-01, section VII.B (guidance); RCW 70.41.190(3).Back to the list of states
Washington, DCUnder reviewHeld back until our editors rule.Must tell the state licensing agency22-B DCMR § 2030.7.Back to the list of states
West VirginiaBoard guidance, not lawThe board recommends telling patientsMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessWest Virginia Board of Medicine guidance page (undated) (guidance); W. Va. Code 16B-3-16(b); W. Va. Code 16B-3-16(c).Back to the list of states
WisconsinMust tell patients how to get their recordsRecords go to a custodian who must give patients accessNo rule foundNext step: ask the state health department.Where we looked, searched October 8, 2026Wis. Stat. 146.819(1)(a); Wis. Stat. 146.819(2)(a); Wis. Stat. 146.819(3)(a).Back to the list of states
WyomingMust tell patients how to get their recordsMust tell the medical board or health departmentMust tell the state licensing agencyWyo. Admin. Rules 052.0001.3, Section 5(b); Wyo. Admin. Rules 048.0061.12, Section 5(m)(i); Wyo. Admin. Rules 048.0061.17, Section 5(k)(i).Back to the list of states

Records from a hospital that closed

State law in 34 states and DC sets a rule for when a hospital closes. Most often the hospital must tell the state (28 states and DC); in 10 states it must tell patients, in 8 states the records go to a custodian, and in 10 states the records must still be kept after closing (4 of them count the period from the closing). In Delaware, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Vermont and Wisconsin we found no rule. 7 more are under review.

Childhood records

A child's records can be kept longer than an adult's, so records from childhood may still exist. How long each state's law says they must be kept is on how long medical records are kept, in each state's row.

How far back you can get records

Only as far back as the doctor, the hospital or whoever took over its records still keeps them. Each state's minimum period is on how long medical records are kept. When a period ends, the provider may be allowed to destroy the record but does not have to, so older records may still exist.

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Health Record Rights Index by SuperTruth. Not legal or medical advice. State laws as of ; federal rules read between and . Our own words are CC BY 4.0; quoted law and page titles stay with their owners. This page last changed on . Terms of Use · Privacy Policy