Health Record Rights Index · country brief · this country's data as of October 1, 2026
Who holds the health record in North Macedonia?
In 2026, North Macedonia scores 45 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record. It is tied for 71st of 198 countries and territories, and could rank anywhere from 52nd to 93rd allowing for scoring error, in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: the government. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 1, 2026.
The government decides, with limited say for the person. Its strongest right, compared with the typical country, is doctors see it when treating you (50 out of 100, against 33 to 34 for the typical country). The furthest behind is privacy and security (42 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country).
North Macedonia has run one national e-health system since 2013, but the state controls it, patients see only part, and auditors found weak security.
Published · updated · this country's data as of October 1, 2026 · research tool, not legal advice
overall score · Mixed band, 45 to 64
45/100
rank among 198 countries and territories; likely 52nd to 93rd, allowing for scoring error
In 2026, getting your full record scores 60 out of 100 in North Macedonia; the typical country scores 40 to 45. Patients have a legal right to see their medical file, and the national Moe Zdravje app shows referrals, prescriptions and vaccinations. Copies cost the real price, usage was not verified, and the minister says full record access comes with an upgrade planned for 2028 to 2029. Source: LKM, and the other sources below.
Who controls health records in North Macedonia?
In 2026, the government holds the keys to your health record in North Macedonia. Control over who sees it scores 28 out of 100 in North Macedonia; the typical country scores 30. The national record opens to any doctor during an exam, with no patient opt-out and no access history the patient can see. The Ministry and the Health Insurance Fund manage the data, and the 2026 strategy only plans a consent tool and access log. Source: portal.mdt.gov.mk, November 27, 2013, and the other sources below.
How does North Macedonia compare?
In 2026, North Macedonia scores 45 out of 100, against 39 for the typical country. This brief compares it with Russia (45 out of 100), Bosnia and Herzegovina (44 out of 100) and Belarus (46 out of 100). Source: the ranking of all 198 countries and territories.
Eight rights, compared with Russia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, the typical EU country and the typical country
Scores out of 100, by right
Getting your full record20%
60
60 · 50 · 50
Control over who sees it20%
28
30 · 32 · 45
Privacy and security15%
42
34 · 52 · 35
One record across your care15%
52
55 · 45 · 55
Protection from sale and ads10%
48
40 · 50 · 45
Doctors see it when treating you10%
50
45 · 42 · 50
Your say over research use5%
46
42 · 49 · 49
Rules for AI in your care5%
30
55 · 30 · 40
Black dot: North Macedonia. Hollow dots: Russia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus (scores out of 100 on the right, same order). Gray line: the typical country of all 198. Dashed teal line: the typical EU country. Overall: North Macedonia 45 out of 100, the typical EU country 61. Scores move in steps of about 5 points, so read a rank with its likely range.
What would North Macedonia need to change to score higher?
North Macedonia sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. Its two weakest rights, compared with the typical country and weighted by how much each counts, are privacy and security (42 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country) and control over who sees it (28 out of 100, against 30 for the typical country). Our scoring rules give more points for:
Privacy and security: A health data regulator that is independent and actually acts: it decides cases about health records, breaches must be reported, and fines are applied.
Control over who sees it: A way to say no to sharing (or to be asked first), a log you can read of who opened your record, and finer choices about who sees what. Together these put this right at 60 to 80 out of 100.
Which laws give health record rights in North Macedonia?
Law on Protection of Patients' Rights (2008): Right to inspect the medical file and buy copies; confidentiality; written consent and ethics approval for research.
Law on Personal Data Protection (42/2020): GDPR-style law: health as special category, 72-hour breach notice, fines up to 4% of income.
Law amending the Law on Records in Health (164/2013): Creates the national electronic health records system, managed by the Ministry and Health Insurance Fund.
Doctors, waits and private care context, not part of the score
Doctors per 10,000
29.4 2022
Nurses and midwives per 10,000
55.1 2022
Private insurance + out-of-pocket
42.1% 2023
Record reaches private care?
unknown
Real cases
July 29, 2026 · Агенција за заштита на личните податоци (AZLP), North Macedonia · archived copy Hospital fined after another person's health details were put in a patient's record
May 7, 2025 · Призма (BIRN North Macedonia) · archived copy Patient refused care after a clinician read their electronic health record
In 2026, North Macedonia scored 45 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record, tied for 71st of 198 countries and territories (could be 52nd to 93rd), in the Mixed band. Who holds the keys: the government. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 1, 2026, https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/north-macedonia/
The 11 sources for North Macedonia
Each source appears once, under the first right it supports. Titles are shown as our research agents recorded them, usually in the page's own language; text in square brackets is our machine translation. Links were checked on the date shown.
Getting your full record (4 sources)
“Закон за заштита на правата на пациентите, редакциски пречистен текст” [Law on the Protection of Patients' Rights, editorially consolidated text] our machine translation
LKM (law or regulation) · Title in Macedonian
No date recorded · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Getting your full record; Your say over research use
“Закон за изменување и дополнување на Законот за евиденциите во областа на здравството, Службен весник 164/2013” [Law on Amendments and Supplements to the Law on Records in the Field of Health, Official Gazette 164/2013] our machine translation
portal.mdt.gov.mk (law or regulation) · Title in Macedonian
Dated November 27, 2013 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Control over who sees it; One record across your care
“Мој Термин, Национален систем за електронски евиденции во здравството” [Moj Termin, National system for electronic records in health care] our machine translation
Управа за електронско здравство [Directorate for Electronic Health] (government guidance) · Title in Macedonian
No date recorded · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Control over who sees it; One record across your care; Doctors see it when treating you
“„Мој Термин“ без континуирано одржување речиси 38% од времето, соопштение” ["Moj Termin" without continuous maintenance almost 38% of the time, press release] our machine translation
Државен завод за ревизија [State Audit Office] (government guidance) · Title in Macedonian
Dated October 1, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Control over who sees it; Privacy and security; Protection from sale and ads
“Закон за заштита на личните податоци, консолидиран текст мај 2025” [Law on Personal Data Protection, consolidated text May 2025] our machine translation
Општина Гази Баба [Municipality of Gazi Baba] (law or regulation) · Title in Macedonian
Dated May 2025 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Privacy and security; Protection from sale and ads; Your say over research use
“Андоновски: До крајот на годината очекуваме национална стратегија за вештачка интелигенција” [Andonovski: By the end of the year we expect a national strategy for artificial intelligence] our machine translation
Нова Македонија [Nova Makedonija] (news) · Title in Macedonian
Dated September 17, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Здравство што го враќа пациентот во центарот на вниманието, колумна на Азир Алиу” [Healthcare that returns the patient to the centre of attention, column by Azir Aliu] our machine translation
Плусинфо [Plusinfo] (news) · Title in Macedonian
Dated June 1, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
SuperTruth Inc. · 24 S. 24th St., Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA · +1 215 918 4140 · supertruth.ai Something wrong? Tell us · Questions or a briefing: supertruth.ai/on-the-record#contact · Full index: healthrecordrights.com
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (38 mostly high-income countries). DTI™: the Data Trust Index, which grades the evidence behind each score. SuperTruth makes it and publishes this index. Everything here comes from public information: laws, government and regulator pages, court decisions, published news, WHO, OECD and World Bank data. Full sources: https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/north-macedonia/#sources. SuperTruth built this index and sells health data verification products; no one paid to be included. Research tool, not legal advice. Our scores and our own words are CC BY 4.0; quoted law and source titles stay with their owners.
