Health Record Rights Index · country brief · this country's data as of October 1, 2026
Who holds the health record in Russia?
In 2026, Russia scores 45 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record. It is tied for 71st of 198 countries and territories, and could rank anywhere from 54th to 97th allowing for scoring error, in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: the government. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 1, 2026.
The government decides, with limited say for the person. Its strongest right, compared with the typical country, is rules for AI in your care (55 out of 100, against 30 for the typical country). The furthest behind is privacy and security (34 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country).
Russians can see 32 types of medical documents on the state portal, but the state system decides how records flow and police access is broad.
Published · updated · this country's data as of October 1, 2026 · research tool, not legal advice
overall score · Mixed band, 45 to 64
45/100
rank among 198 countries and territories; likely 54th to 97th, allowing for scoring error
Low confidence. Thin evidence on 7 of the 8 rights: your copy, who sees it, privacy, sale and ads, doctors see it, research and AI rules. The evidence grade rates all our sources together; confidence looks at each right. Neither changes the score.
Questions people ask
Can I see my health record in Russia?
In 2026, getting your full record scores 60 out of 100 in Russia; the typical country scores 40 to 45. Federal Law 323-FZ gives patients the right to see their records and get copies, including electronically. The Gosuslugi portal shows 32 types of electronic documents, but how many people use it and how complete it is were not verified. Source: ConsultantPlus, and the other sources below.
Who controls health records in Russia?
In 2026, the government holds the keys to your health record in Russia. Control over who sees it scores 30 out of 100 in Russia; the typical country scores 30. Law 323-FZ lets clinics exchange records through state information systems for care without the patient's consent. The health regulator has said a patient's written refusal to send health data to the state system should be honoured, but no patient-visible access log was found. Source: SudAct, and the other sources below.
How does Russia compare?
In 2026, Russia scores 45 out of 100, against 39 for the typical country. This brief compares it with North Macedonia (45 out of 100), Bosnia and Herzegovina (44 out of 100) and Belarus (46 out of 100). Source: the ranking of all 198 countries and territories.
Eight rights, compared with North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, the typical EU country and the typical country
Scores out of 100, by right
Getting your full record20%
60
60 · 50 · 50
Control over who sees it20%
30
28 · 32 · 45
Privacy and security15%
34
42 · 52 · 35
One record across your care15%
55
52 · 45 · 55
Protection from sale and ads10%
40
48 · 50 · 45
Doctors see it when treating you10%
45
50 · 42 · 50
Your say over research use5%
42
46 · 49 · 49
Rules for AI in your care5%
55
30 · 30 · 40
Black dot: Russia. Hollow dots: North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus (scores out of 100 on the right, same order). Gray line: the typical country of all 198. Dashed teal line: the typical EU country. Overall: Russia 45 out of 100, the typical EU country 61. Scores move in steps of about 5 points, so read a rank with its likely range.
What would Russia need to change to score higher?
Russia sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. Its two weakest rights, compared with the typical country and weighted by how much each counts, are privacy and security (34 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country) and protection from sale and ads (40 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country). Our scoring rules give more points for:
Privacy and security: A health data regulator that is independent and actually acts: it decides cases about health records, breaches must be reported, and fines are applied.
Protection from sale and ads: Clear limits on selling health data or using it for ads, covering apps and data brokers as well as doctors and hospitals.
Which laws give health record rights in Russia?
Federal Law 323-FZ on the Basics of Protecting Citizens' Health (2011): Right to read records and get copies; medical secrecy with 11 listed exceptions, including police requests.
Federal Law 152-FZ on Personal Data (2006): Health data is a special category; processing banned except listed cases such as medical care.
Government Decree 140 on the Unified State Health Information System (EGISZ) (2022): Sets up EGISZ with 18 subsystems, including the federal electronic medical card and document register.
Doctors, waits and private care context, not part of the score
Doctors per 10,000
51.1 2022
Nurses and midwives per 10,000
70.4 2022
Private insurance + out-of-pocket
29.8% 2023
Record reaches private care?
no
"Only about 2% of private clinics sent data in 2025"
Real cases
July 17, 2026 · Пруфы Hospital worker opened a patient's electronic record without cause, health ministry confirmed
April 22, 2026 · Медвестник Inspection finds ambulance service head passed patients' data to outside parties
In 2026, Russia scored 45 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record, tied for 71st of 198 countries and territories (could be 54th to 97th), in the Mixed band. Who holds the keys: the government. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 1, 2026, https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/russia/
The 20 sources for Russia
Each source appears once, under the first right it supports. Titles are shown as our research agents recorded them, usually in the page's own language; text in square brackets is our machine translation. Links were checked on the date shown.
Getting your full record (4 sources)
“Article 22. Information about state of health, Federal Law 323-FZ”
ConsultantPlus (law or regulation) · Title in English
No date recorded · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
SuperTruth Inc. · 24 S. 24th St., Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA · +1 215 918 4140 · supertruth.ai Something wrong? Tell us · Questions or a briefing: supertruth.ai/on-the-record#contact · Full index: healthrecordrights.com
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (38 mostly high-income countries). DTI™: the Data Trust Index, which grades the evidence behind each score. SuperTruth makes it and publishes this index. Everything here comes from public information: laws, government and regulator pages, court decisions, published news, WHO, OECD and World Bank data. Full sources: https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/russia/#sources. SuperTruth built this index and sells health data verification products; no one paid to be included. Research tool, not legal advice. Our scores and our own words are CC BY 4.0; quoted law and source titles stay with their owners.
