Health Record Rights Index · country brief · this country's data as of October 2, 2026
Who holds the health record in Vietnam?
In 2026, Vietnam scores 47 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record. It is tied for 60th of 198 countries and territories, and could rank anywhere from 46th to 83rd allowing for scoring error, in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: the government. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 2, 2026.
The government decides, with limited say for the person. Its strongest right, compared with the typical country, is rules for AI in your care (50 out of 100, against 30 for the typical country). The furthest behind is privacy and security (42 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country).
Vietnamese patients can download visit records in their ID app, but every facility must feed a national database with no opt-out.
Published · updated · this country's data as of October 2, 2026 · research tool, not legal advice
overall score · Mixed band, 45 to 64
47/100
rank among 198 countries and territories; likely 46th to 83rd, allowing for scoring error
In 2026, getting your full record scores 60 out of 100 in Vietnam; the typical country scores 40 to 45. Law 15/2023 lets patients read and copy their record on written request, and Decree 356 sets a 10-day deadline. VNeID shows visit summaries, labs and drugs as downloadable PDFs, but only 34 million people had one in September 2026, short of most residents. Source: Xây dựng chính sách, Cổng TTĐT Chính phủ, November 27, 2023, and the other sources below.
Who controls health records in Vietnam?
In 2026, the government holds the keys to your health record in Vietnam. Control over who sees it scores 30 out of 100 in Vietnam; the typical country scores 30. Decree 102/2025 makes every facility push records to the national health database and VNeID, with no article letting a patient opt out. Agency heads may release health data without consent for public interest, and no patient-visible access log was found. Source: LuatVietnam, May 13, 2025, and the other sources below.
How does Vietnam compare?
In 2026, Vietnam scores 47 out of 100, against 39 for the typical country. This brief compares it with Indonesia (47 out of 100), Kyrgyzstan (47 out of 100) and Azerbaijan (48 out of 100). Source: the ranking of all 198 countries and territories.
Eight rights, compared with Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan and the typical country
Scores out of 100, by right
Getting your full record20%
60
55 · 60 · 60
Control over who sees it20%
30
42 · 35 · 40
Privacy and security15%
42
38 · 42 · 40
One record across your care15%
55
57 · 55 · 60
Protection from sale and ads10%
55
42 · 45 · 40
Doctors see it when treating you10%
44
40 · 40 · 50
Your say over research use5%
50
49 · 49 · 46
Rules for AI in your care5%
50
56 · 55 · 30
Black dot: Vietnam. Hollow dots: Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan (scores out of 100 on the right, same order). Gray line: the typical country of all 198. Overall: Vietnam 47 out of 100. Scores move in steps of about 5 points, so read a rank with its likely range.
What would Vietnam need to change to score higher?
Vietnam sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. Its weakest right, compared with the typical country, is privacy and security (42 out of 100, against 45 for the typical country). Every other right is at or above the typical country; the one with the most room to grow, weighted, is control over who sees it (30 out of 100, against 30 for the typical country). Our scoring rules give more points for:
Privacy and security: A health data regulator that is independent and actually acts: it decides cases about health records, breaches must be reported, and fines are applied.
Control over who sees it: A way to say no to sharing (or to be asked first), a log you can read of who opened your record, and finer choices about who sees what. Together these put this right at 60 to 80 out of 100.
Which laws give health record rights in Vietnam?
Law on Medical Examination and Treatment (15/2023/QH15): Right to read and copy archived records; right to refuse research; confidentiality of records.
Law on Personal Data Protection (91/2025/QH15): Health data needs consent; data trading banned; 72-hour breach notice; in force 1 January 2026.
Decree 356/2025/ND-CP: Lists health as sensitive data; sets 10-day deadline to provide personal data.
Doctors, waits and private care context, not part of the score
Doctors per 10,000
11.1 2021
Nurses and midwives per 10,000
14.4 2017
Private insurance + out-of-pocket
44.7% 2023
Record reaches private care?
partly
"Trong đó yêu cầu các bệnh viện (bao gồm bệnh viện công lập, bệnh viện tư nhân) không sử dụng hồ sơ bệnh án giấy từ ngày 01 tháng 01 năm 2027."
Real cases
October 5, 2025 · VietNamNet Hospital systems hit by attackers; patient data offered for sale on hacker forums
May 23, 2026 · Tuoi Tre Police cybersecurity unit warns of two attacks on hospital data in one month
In 2026, Vietnam scored 47 out of 100 for how much say a person has over their own health record, tied for 60th of 198 countries and territories (could be 46th to 83rd), in the Mixed band. Who holds the keys: the government. Source: Health Record Rights Index, SuperTruth, this country's data as of October 2, 2026, https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/vietnam/
The 21 sources for Vietnam
Each source appears once, under the first right it supports. Titles are shown as our research agents recorded them, usually in the page's own language; text in square brackets is our machine translation. Links were checked on the date shown.
Getting your full record (4 sources)
“Luật Khám bệnh, chữa bệnh số 15/2023/QH15, toàn văn” [Law on Medical Examination and Treatment No. 15/2023/QH15, full text] our machine translation
Xây dựng chính sách, Cổng TTĐT Chính phủ [Policy Making, Government Electronic Information Portal] (law or regulation) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated November 27, 2023 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Getting your full record; Doctors see it when treating you; Your say over research use
“Nghị định 356/2025/NĐ-CP quy định chi tiết Luật Bảo vệ dữ liệu cá nhân” [Decree 356/2025/NĐ-CP detailing the Law on Personal Data Protection] our machine translation
LuatVietnam (law or regulation) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated December 31, 2025 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
Used for: Getting your full record; Control over who sees it; Privacy and security
“Hơn 34 triệu người đã có Sổ sức khỏe điện tử trên VNeID” [More than 34 million people now have an electronic health book on VNeID] our machine translation
VOV (news) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated September 21, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Mức xử phạt vi phạm hành chính đối với hành vi vi phạm về bảo vệ dữ liệu cá nhân” [Administrative penalty levels for violations of personal data protection] our machine translation
Báo Điện tử Chính phủ [Government Electronic Newspaper] (government guidance) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated August 22, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Số cơ sở y tế tham gia bệnh án điện tử tiếp tục tăng” [The number of health facilities adopting electronic medical records continues to rise] our machine translation
Sức khỏe & Đời sống, Bộ Y tế [Health & Life, Ministry of Health] (government guidance) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated September 19, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Cổng thông tin Bệnh án điện tử, danh sách cơ sở tham gia” [Electronic Medical Records portal, list of participating facilities] our machine translation
Bộ Y tế [Ministry of Health] (government guidance) · Title in Vietnamese
No date recorded · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Hơn 75% bệnh viện triển khai bệnh án điện tử, tiến tới bỏ bệnh án giấy từ năm 2027” [More than 75% of hospitals deploy electronic medical records, moving towards abolishing paper records from 2027] our machine translation
Báo Đầu tư [Investment Newspaper] (news) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated September 14, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Cơ sở bán buôn, bán lẻ thuốc phải liên thông dữ liệu từ 01/01/2026 lên Hệ thống Cơ sở dữ liệu về dược” [Drug wholesale and retail establishments must connect data to the Pharmaceutical Database System from 01/01/2026] our machine translation
LuatVietnam (other) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated August 14, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Những quy định đáng chú ý trong Luật Bảo vệ dữ liệu cá nhân 2025” [Notable provisions in the Personal Data Protection Law 2025] our machine translation
Xây dựng chính sách, Cổng TTĐT Chính phủ [Policy Making, Government Electronic Information Portal] (government guidance) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated December 25, 2025 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Công an TP Hà Nội khởi tố 3 người điều hành sàn mua bán dữ liệu cá nhân” [Hanoi City Police prosecute 3 people operating a personal data trading platform] our machine translation
VietNamNet (news) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated July 10, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Bộ Y tế đề xuất hơn 400 xét nghiệm, điện quang có thể dùng lại khi chuyển viện khám, chữa bệnh BHYT” [Ministry of Health proposes more than 400 tests and radiology results that can be reused when transferring hospitals for health insurance (BHYT) examination and treatment] our machine translation
Bảo hiểm xã hội Việt Nam [Vietnam Social Security] (government guidance) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated August 25, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Các điểm mới quan trọng của nghị định hướng dẫn Luật Trí tuệ nhân tạo” [Important new points of the decree guiding the Law on Artificial Intelligence] our machine translation
Atsumi & Sakai (other) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated May 28, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
“Danh mục hệ thống trí tuệ nhân tạo có rủi ro cao từ 15/8/2026” [List of high-risk artificial intelligence systems from 15/8/2026] our machine translation
LuatVietnam (other) · Title in Vietnamese
Dated July 2, 2026 · Link checked October 2, 2026 (opened)
SuperTruth Inc. · 24 S. 24th St., Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA · +1 215 918 4140 · supertruth.ai Something wrong? Tell us · Questions or a briefing: supertruth.ai/on-the-record#contact · Full index: healthrecordrights.com
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (38 mostly high-income countries). DTI™: the Data Trust Index, which grades the evidence behind each score. SuperTruth makes it and publishes this index. Everything here comes from public information: laws, government and regulator pages, court decisions, published news, WHO, OECD and World Bank data. Full sources: https://healthrecordrights.com/brief/vietnam/#sources. SuperTruth built this index and sells health data verification products; no one paid to be included. Research tool, not legal advice. Our scores and our own words are CC BY 4.0; quoted law and source titles stay with their owners.
