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The AI right, tested

Where does the AI run?

We asked one question of all 141 AI items in our published evidence file (data 1.2): did the data go to the AI, or did the AI come to the data. 23 items say the data went to the AI. 1 says the AI came to the data. 117 do not say.

Evidence as of 1 Oct 2026 (data 1.2) plus the live cases feed. Page published 11 Oct 2026.

Most items state no direction at all. Of the 24 that state one, 23 say the data went to the AI.

Bar length is the count of items, from zero. Of the 23, 16 are operating and 7 are planned or prospective (gray segment); the table notes each planned flow.

Our verdicts over the 140 AI news items in data 1.2 (Zenodo record) plus one live Real cases item (AUS-S001), read 11 Oct 2026. The AI score is unchanged; this question sits beside it.

Most AI items never say which way the data moves

Headlines are our own neutral paraphrases; each links to the original. Items that describe a planned flow say planned in the note.
Country or territoryItemSourceMovement
The data went to the AI23 of 141 items
AustraliaAug 4, 2026TGA moves to compliance action against unapproved AI scribe suppliersAI tools that shape clinical notes may need device approval. (scribe audio processed by the vendor service)Medical RepublicData went to the AI
AustraliaAug 14, 2026AI note-taker put a false statement into a patient's specialist letterAI scribes can write things a patient never said into the record that other doctors then rely on. (visit transcribed by the AI tool)ABC NewsData went to the AI
BelarusAug 12, 2026AI decision-support tool tested with home-visit doctors in MinskThe tool learns from archived patient records; no consent step was described. (tool learns from archived records)News.byData went to the AI
BhutanMay 23, 2026SingHealth and Bhutan college to build chest X-ray AI on Bhutanese dataPatient images are reused to train AI that Gelephu hospitals plan to use from 2027. (images reused to train the AI)HealthTechAsiaData went to the AI
BhutanSep 29, 2026Viome signs MoU with DHI and Gelephu to build molecular AI modelPopulation health data could feed a commercial AI model; Viome says data would stay in Bhutan. (prospective; population data feeds the model; stays in Bhutan)BioSpectrum AsiaData went to the AI
BruneiJan 2026Brunei plans AI-informed heart disease prevention on BruHealth with private partnersPopulation health data flows to a technology partner, and no patient opt-out is described. (planned; data flows to a technology partner)World Economic ForumData went to the AI
Costa RicaMay 7, 2026CCSS uses AI on EDUS data to clean surgical waiting listsPatient records feed an automated tool; removals require human validation. (records feed the waiting-list tool)InfobaeData went to the AI
CubaFeb 3, 2026Cuban team presents early results of AI cardiology prediction projectPatient data feeds AI research while no AI-specific clinical rules exist. (patient data feeds AI research)Presidencia de CubaData went to the AI
DenmarkSep 29, 2026Two regions shared 105,257 patient messages in an AI projectSensitive messages, including on children's psychiatric care, were shared without anonymisation. (105,257 messages shared into the project)Radar (Ingeniøren)Data went to the AI
EgyptMay 16, 2026Healthcare Authority plans national health data science and AI centerOver 6.5 million patient records will feed AI, with no consent process described. (planned; 6.5 million records will feed AI)State Information ServiceData went to the AI
GreeceDec 12, 2025State launches AI assistant that answers patients' questions from their health recordPatients can query their own record in plain language; it gives information, not advice. (the assistant reads the record to answer)LawspotData went to the AI
IsraelJun 26, 2026Health ministry blocks public AI tools on government hospital computersLimits the risk of patient data being pasted into public chat tools. (flow described as the risk; now blocked)Ynet NewsData went to the AI
JapanJul 11, 2026Diet passes privacy amendment letting firms share medical history for AI without consentHealth data could feed AI development without the patient's agreement. (firms share medical history for AI)Yomiuri ShimbunData went to the AI
KuwaitAug 11, 2026Health ministry issues guide limiting AI language tools in clinical practiceBars AI-only diagnosis and putting patient data into unapproved tools. (flow described; barred unless approved)Kuwait TimesData went to the AI
LebanonJul 18, 2026Health ministry signs deal with MECRA on clinical research and AIPatient data may feed AI research tools before AI rules exist. (prospective; data may feed AI research)ElsiyasaData went to the AI
MaltaSep 24, 2026Health Minister Ian Borg discusses clinical AI with Mayo ClinicPossible AI and care partnerships could involve sharing Maltese patient data. (prospective; sharing with Mayo described)The Malta IndependentData went to the AI
MauritaniaDec 2, 2025CNAM launches E-CNAM portal, AI fraud detection and biometric member IDInsured people can track claims online, while AI and biometrics now touch their data. (claims data processed for fraud detection)EmergenceData went to the AI
New ZealandMar 17, 2026Emergency doctors report time savings from Heidi AI scribe rolloutAI now drafts ED notes; patients are asked to consent and errors need editing. (visit audio drafted into notes by Heidi)RNZData went to the AI
PakistanAug 13, 2026Private hospitals push AI despite no unified records or privacy lawPatient data flows into AI tools under each hospital's own privacy policy. (data flows into AI tools)Express TribuneData went to the AI
SwedenMay 7, 2026IMY opens on-site inspection of AI transcription in Region GävleborgAn early regulator check of AI scribes recording patient visits in Swedish primary care. (scribes record patient visits)IMYData went to the AI
TurkmenistanAug 26, 2026President tours new dental center that shares patient data online and uses AIPatient data passes between departments and clinics by computer, and AI reprocesses diagnostic data, with no published rules. (AI reprocesses diagnostic data)Turkmenistan: Golden AgeData went to the AI
TuvaluJan 29, 2026Tonga mentors Tuvalu on digital health strategy and AI-assisted record digitisationPaper records may be digitised with AI tools before any rules govern them. (prospective; records digitised with AI tools)Pacific Community (SPC)Data went to the AI
United Arab EmiratesJan 16, 2026Health ministry plans AI to predict cancers from Riayati unified recordsFederal records will be scanned to flag at-risk people; no consent step is described. (planned; records scanned to flag at-risk people)Emarat AlyoumData went to the AI
The AI came to the data1 of 141 items
FijiJan 11, 2026Public hospitals install digital X-ray machines with built-in AIAI now reads patient images with no verified rules on oversight or safety. (AI built into the X-ray machine)FijivillageAI came to the data
Not stated117 of 141 items
AlbaniaNov 8, 2025Prime Minister says AI will enter Albania's health service in 2026Clinical AI may reach patients before any national rules for it exist.RTSHNot stated
AlgeriaAug 5, 2026Interministerial commission installed to carry out national AI strategySets who will shape AI rules, including in health.HorizonsNot stated
AngolaNov 19, 2025Draft AI law would make unregistered critical AI, including health, an offenceFirst sign of binding rules for AI used in patient care.ExpansãoNot stated
AngolaJan 26, 2026Health ministry signs digital health memorandum with HuaweiPlans hospital digitisation and AI, with no published patient data terms.Ministério da SaúdeNot stated
AngolaJul 15, 2026Health minister presents DHIS2, telemedicine and AI plans at WHO conferenceShows the state's digital priorities are reporting and telemedicine, not patient records.Ministério da SaúdeNot stated
ArgentinaSep 10, 2026ANMAT says diagnostic health software, including smartwatch apps, needs device registrationClinical algorithms reaching patients must now be registered and monitored.ANMATNot stated
BahamasJun 16, 2026Government to set up AI committee to draft first AI lawClinical AI has no rules today; a future AI authority could set them.Bahamas Information ServicesNot stated
BarbadosJul 1, 2026Parliament passes bill creating a national medical products regulatorFirst national regulator for medical devices, a possible base for health AI rules.PAHONot stated
BeninMay 31, 2026New government puts a minister in charge of national AI strategyAI is a government priority, but no clinical AI rules exist yet.Le MatinalNot stated
BhutanJan 13, 2026Canada-backed workshop helps Bhutan officials build AI policy and governanceBhutan has no AI rules yet; this work shapes how health AI will be governed.Asia News NetworkNot stated
BoliviaOct 23, 2025Senate approves AI bill and sends it to the Chamber of DeputiesFirst step toward any AI rules, though none cover clinical use yet.Correo del SurNot stated
Bosnia and HerzegovinaApr 10, 2026Mostar symposium says AI must stay a tool, doctors keep decisionsHospitals are moving toward AI before any national rules for clinical AI exist.HIPNot stated
BrazilAug 19, 2026CFM rules on AI in medicine take effect amid readiness doubtsPatients must be told when AI supports their care, and a doctor keeps the final decision.Futuro da SaúdeNot stated
BulgariaJan 9, 2026Bulgaria still has no named supervisor for high-risk AI systemsMedical AI used on patients has no national watchdog yet.Debati.bgNot stated
Burkina FasoJun 17, 2026Burkina Faso validates national AI roadmap for 2026-2030The roadmap plans diagnostic AI tools before any clinical AI rules exist.SidwayaNot stated
BurundiJul 10, 2026EU-funded workshop on responsible AI in Burundi's health sectorReports over 80% of public hospitals computerised while AI rules are still absent.EnabelNot stated
Cape VerdeJul 15, 2026Health minister at WHO conference calls for AI ethics and regulatory frameworkClinical AI is a stated goal, but no rules for it exist yet.Expresso das IlhasNot stated
Central African RepublicJul 20, 2026MSF uses AI chest X-ray tool to detect tuberculosis at BatangafoClinical AI is in use with no national rules on its safety or oversight.Médecins Sans FrontièresNot stated
ChadOct 21, 2025Digital ministry creates a Directorate General for Artificial IntelligenceFirst state body for AI; health AI rules could come from it.TchadinfosNot stated
ChadMar 23, 2026Reform of the data and cybersecurity regulator ANSICE promulgatedThe body that handles patients' data complaints gains wider security and AI powers.Alwihda InfoNot stated
ChinaOct 28, 2025Amended Cybersecurity Law adds AI rules and higher fines from 2026Raises penalties for security failures that expose patient data.XinhuaNot stated
ColombiaJul 21, 2026New bill to regulate artificial intelligence filed in the HouseWould class AI in medical devices as high risk, with assessment before use.Camara de RepresentantesNot stated
Côte d'IvoireSep 11, 2026National AI conference names health among five priority sectorsHealth AI is coming before any clinical AI rules exist.allAfricaNot stated
Democratic Republic of the CongoAug 5, 2026DRC validates national AI strategy naming health a priority sectorSets direction for health AI, but no binding clinical AI rules yet.MediacongoNot stated
DjiboutiJan 30, 2026Digital ministry consults on first national AI strategy with UNESCO and ESCWAHealth AI has no rules yet; the strategy is the first step toward any.UNESCONot stated
DjiboutiAug 13, 2026Ahead of first national AI forum, AI readiness put at 24.5 out of 100Telemedicine is named as an AI use, with no clinical AI safeguards in place.La NationNot stated
DjiboutiSep 4, 2026AI strategy presented while review finds no dedicated AI lawConfirms patients have no specific protection when AI is used in their care.We Are Tech AfricaNot stated
Dominican RepublicSep 15, 2026Senate committee merges two bills into one general AI lawHealth AI has no binding rules today; this bill would be the first.Senado de la Republica DominicanaNot stated
EcuadorAug 31, 2026Assembly committee recommends archiving the general AI regulation billLeaves clinical AI governed by health ministry and data protection rules, not a statute.El UniversoNot stated
El SalvadorNov 13, 2025Government launches DoctorSV, a free AI-assisted telemedicine appGives users an app record and e-prescriptions, with AI built into consultations.El Diario de HoyNot stated
El SalvadorJun 11, 2026UNESCO urges stronger data protection and separate privacy oversight for AIThe same agency handles state security and privacy, which weakens independent protection of health data.La Prensa GraficaNot stated
EthiopiaSep 29, 2026Cabinet sends draft National Data Governance Proclamation to parliamentWould set rules for sharing and reusing government data, including for AI and research.Ecofin AgencyNot stated
FranceOct 30, 2025HAS publishes first-ever guide on using generative AI in health careSets expectations for supervised, transparent AI use with patients.Haute Autorité de santéNot stated
GabonSep 30, 2026AI strategy workshop sets 22 challenges and 36 recommendationsGabon has no rules yet for AI in care; the strategy may set rules where none exist.GabonactuNot stated
GhanaMar 2, 2026Government plans new data protection bill covering AI and cross-border transfersCould update 2012 rights that patients rely on, including automated decisions.Ghana News AgencyNot stated
GhanaAug 6, 2026Ministry of Health drafting national policy on AI in health careWould set rules on approval, validation and human oversight of clinical AI.MyJoyOnlineNot stated
GrenadaApr 4, 2026Health minister says integrated health systems and AI are under considerationConfirms there is still no shared patient record across facilities.The New TodayNot stated
GuatemalaJul 3, 2026Government drafts executive branch AI strategy with UNDP and EU fundingNo binding AI rules exist yet for public services, including health.Ministerio de GobernacionNot stated
GuineaOct 19, 2025Guinea and UNDP assess AI readiness ahead of a national strategyRules for AI that touches health data are not yet written.AfricaguineeNot stated
GuineaJun 22, 2026Government starts work on a national data governance strategyIt will set rules for collecting, sharing and securing public data, and names health as a sector for AI.OSIRIS (from WeAreTech Africa)Not stated
GuyanaSep 21, 2026About 300 doctors to test OpenEvidence AI tool, health minister saysAI enters treatment decisions with no clinical-AI rules in place.News Room GuyanaNot stated
HungaryNov 1, 2025Hungary adopts its first AI law, creating national AI authoritiesGives patients national bodies that oversee AI systems, including in care.VilággazdaságNot stated
IcelandSep 27, 2026Minister plans consultation this autumn on adopting the EU AI ActClinical AI in Iceland has no AI Act rules until this law passes.VísirNot stated
IndiaJul 23, 2026CDSCO issues final guidance on regulating medical device software, including AISets how AI tools used in care are licensed, changed and monitored.PharmabizNot stated
IranMay 23, 2026Drug authority reviews draft rules for registering medical AI softwareFirst step toward checking AI tools before they reach patients.SinapressNot stated
IsraelApr 21, 2026Law firm reports new ministry principles for reviewing AI-based clinical trialsTrial participants get ethics review of AI tools that may shape their care.Arnon, Tadmor-LevyNot stated
ItalyNov 17, 2025AGENAS recruits 1,500 GPs for a 2026 trial of its AI platformA state AI assistant will suggest diagnoses and care paths to family doctors.Panorama della SanitàNot stated
JamaicaFeb 12, 2026Health ministry forms an expert council on AI in healthcareFirst national body advising on clinical AI use; it has no rule-making power.Jamaica GleanerNot stated
KosovoJul 2, 2026No Kosovo law governs AI in public administration; AI Act readiness assessedClinical AI could reach patients before any national rules exist.Zhurnal.mk (Radio Evropa e Lirë)Not stated
KuwaitMay 21, 2026Kuwait health undersecretary calls for AI governance and health data protection at WHASignals the ministry's intent to set AI and health data rules.Kuwait TimesNot stated
LaosFeb 19, 2026Technology ministry and Chinese firms to study a national health AI platformHealth AI is being planned while the only AI rule is a device risk class.Vientiane Times via Asia News NetworkNot stated
LebanonMay 19, 2026Legal Agenda criticises open-ended mandate of draft technology and AI ministry billThe body meant to write AI and data rules may start without clear limits.Legal AgendaNot stated
LebanonAug 12, 2026Ministers hold second consultation on national AI and digital strategyNational data pools and AI plans will shape how health data is used.MTV LebanonNot stated
LibyaMar 4, 2026Health ministry approves 2026 regulation for registering medical productsThe new rules cover medicines and pricing, with no reported rules for medical software or AI.Ean LibyaNot stated
LibyaJun 1, 2026Prime Minister adopts AI Ethics Charter and launches 2026 to 2030 AI strategyThe charter says AI must support, not replace, human decisions in health care.Libyan News Agency (LANA)Not stated
LuxembourgJan 20, 2026Data regulator prepares for new AI Act supervision dutiesShows who may oversee AI systems, including in care, once the law passes.CNPDNot stated
MalawiAug 6, 2026Government finalising national AI strategy and drafting an AI BillIt would be the first legal framework for AI, including AI used by public health services.ITWeb AfricaNot stated
MalaysiaSep 10, 2026Draft AI Governance Bill complete, tabling hoped for by early 2027Would add binding AI rules on top of device law for clinical AI.Malay MailNot stated
MaltaOct 10, 2025Malta publishes AI regulations naming MDIA as AI Act enforcerCreates the national body and fines that will police high-risk AI, including in health.Legislation MaltaNot stated
MaltaNov 14, 2025Prime Minister sets plan to make Malta a MedTech and digital health hubSignals more commercial and AI use of health data, which raises consent questions.ItalpressNot stated
Marshall IslandsJun 8, 2026Review finds no AI law, strategy or regulator in the Marshall IslandsAI tools used in care face no national rules on safety or oversight.Levellers.aiNot stated
MauritiusApr 23, 2026Mauritius AI strategy and FAIR Guidelines launched as non-binding rulesClinical AI has no binding rules yet; these guidelines may become law later.TechCabalNot stated
MexicoJul 23, 2026Mexico still lacks a general AI law as Senate draft stallsClinical AI tools reach patients without an AI-specific legal framework.El EconomistaNot stated
MoldovaMay 15, 2026Minister says Moldova aims to regulate AI by end of 2026No AI rules yet cover tools used in patient care.NewsMakerNot stated
MonacoFeb 23, 2026Monaco regulator joins 61 authorities on AI-generated images of real peopleFirst public APDP position on AI systems that use personal data without consent.APDPNot stated
MongoliaMay 27, 2026Health Ministry seeks comment on draft rules for AI in careWould require human final decisions and patient notice when AI is used.Ministry of HealthNot stated
MoroccoMar 26, 2026Press reads regulator's 2025 AI statement as groundwork for AI governanceAI tools using patient data must follow Law 09-08 and allow decisions to be contested.Le360Not stated
NicaraguaSep 17, 2026MINSA and PAHO set priorities for a national health AI roadmapRules for clinical AI do not exist yet; an ethical and legal framework is planned.OPS/OMSNot stated
North KoreaApr 9, 2026WHO trains health ministry staff on digital records, FHIR and AIFirst step toward a national digital health roadmap and data governance.WHONot stated
North MacedoniaSep 17, 2026Digital transformation minister expects national AI strategy by year endClinical AI has no national rules yet; a strategy and law could set them.Nova MakedonijaNot stated
NorwayAug 10, 2026Norway plans new AI bill consultation, with Parliament vote aimed for spring 2027EU AI Act duties for clinical AI do not yet bind Norwegian providers.NkomNot stated
OmanOct 8, 2025Oman launches UNESCO-backed rights-based AI governance initiativeNational AI rules are still being prepared, including for public services like health.Oman Observer (ONA)Not stated
OmanMar 14, 2026Ministry reports Shifa upgrades, FHIR links and AI eye screeningOver 25,000 diabetic patients were screened with AI, with no clinical-AI rules found.Oman DailyNot stated
Papua New GuineaFeb 10, 2026PNG leaders push AI adoption, including in hospitals, amid data concernsAI in care is being promoted before any rules for it exist.ABC PacificNot stated
PortugalJul 24, 2026EU publishes AI Act amendment delaying medical device AI obligations to 2028Binding rules for AI in medical devices now start 2 August 2028.CuatrecasasNot stated
Republic of the CongoJan 13, 2026Minister says a national AI strategy is being draftedCongo has no rules yet for AI used in health care.Les Dépêches de BrazzavilleNot stated
RomaniaJul 24, 2026ANCOM says AI Act breaches cannot be sanctioned until national law passesPatients harmed by AI systems have no national enforcer with sanction powers yet.ANCOMNot stated
RwandaJul 20, 2026Bill Gates visits Rwanda to review health AI and digital recordsShows AI tools from the Horizon 1000 pilot reaching primary care that runs on e-Ubuzima.The New TimesNot stated
Saint Kitts and NevisSep 30, 2026Benchmark finds no Caribbean country has an AI-specific regulatory frameworkAI tools in the new health system face no national AI rules.Cullen InternationalNot stated
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesSep 30, 2026Caribbean benchmark finds no AI-specific rules in 13 countries, including this oneAI tools used in care face no national oversight.Cullen InternationalNot stated
Sao Tome and PrincipeApr 22, 2026UNDP trains public officials on digitalisation, AI and data protectionBuilds state skills for AI and data rules, though nothing yet covers health AI.RSTPNot stated
Saudi ArabiaJun 22, 2026SFDA authorises AI app that reads vital signs from a face videoClinical AI apps reach patients only after SFDA reviews clinical evidence.Arab News (via SPA)Not stated
SenegalMar 27, 2026Expert says 2008 data protection law is outdated for AIReform of the core privacy law covering health data is still pending.APSNot stated
SerbiaAug 18, 2026Government targets December 2026 for Serbia's first AI lawClinical AI has no specific rules yet; the law is meant to follow EU standards.Paragraf LexNot stated
SingaporeMar 31, 2026MOH and HSA publish refreshed AI in Healthcare GuidelinesSets expectations for human oversight and telling patients when AI shapes care.Baker McKenzieNot stated
SlovakiaSep 17, 2026Parliament advances law making MIRRI the national AI supervisorWould give Slovakia an authority to enforce EU AI rules from 2027.Zoznam (openiazoch)Not stated
SloveniaDec 5, 2025Slovenia's AI Act implementing law in force, naming national supervisorsSets who oversees AI, including AI used in medical devices.Jadek & PensaNot stated
SomaliaJun 20, 2026Second national AI summit discusses AI governance and healthcare useNo AI rules exist yet to protect patients when AI is used in care.Tech Review AfricaNot stated
South AfricaJun 5, 2026Cabinet withdraws draft national AI policy after fake citations foundLeaves clinical AI with only SAHPRA guidance and no national AI policy.SAnewsNot stated
Sri LankaMar 8, 2026Proposal for AI-integrated health records raises privacy and bias concernsA digital health ID linking records and insurance is planned; AI guardrails are still debated.The MorningNot stated
SudanNov 7, 2025Prime Minister's decree creates data and AI, cybersecurity and digital authoritiesThese bodies could later write data and AI rules, but none bind yet.Ecofin AgencyNot stated
SurinameSep 2, 2026Suriname starts UNESCO AI readiness assessment, first in its regionIt could lead to the first rules on AI, including AI used in care.UNESCONot stated
SyriaDec 2, 2025Health ministry issues rules for approving e-health apps and their dataBars apps from sharing patient data without consent and from unchecked clinical AI.Ministry of HealthNot stated
TanzaniaMar 13, 2026Experts warn public hospitals lack basic cyber safeguards as AI arrivesShared logins and missing backups put patient records at risk.The CitizenNot stated
TanzaniaJul 31, 2026Health ministry calls for local data storage and approval of health AISignals coming rules on where health data sits and which AI tools are allowed.The CitizenNot stated
ThailandSep 9, 2026Draft AI Act under review as businesses warn of costsWould add general AI rules above medical device guidance for clinical AI.ThairathNot stated
Timor-LesteAug 25, 2026WHO forum showcases AI chest X-ray screening in TB vanClinical AI is in use before any rules govern it.WHONot stated
TogoDec 1, 2025Togo prepares a national strategy on AI in public administrationSets direction for AI use, but nothing yet covers AI in clinical care.Togo FirstNot stated
TogoSep 11, 2026Government creates a national medicines and health products regulatorA stronger regulator could later oversee medical software and AI.Pouvoirs d'AfriqueNot stated
Trinidad and TobagoMar 13, 2026AI ministry and UNESCO validate national AI readiness assessmentFirst step toward AI rules; no health AI safeguards exist yet.UNESCONot stated
TunisiaJul 21, 2026Health minister announces AI center and chest X-ray model for 300 clinicsClinical AI may reach patients before any national AI rules exist.L'Economiste MaghrébinNot stated
TunisiaSep 29, 2026Tunisia to adopt national digital health pact with WHO and other partnersSets priorities for telemedicine, interoperability and AI in public care.WebdoNot stated
TurkeyAug 18, 2026Presidential circular publishes AI Action Plan for 2026 to 2030Sets national AI policy, but adds no binding clinical AI rules yet.Memurlar.netNot stated
TurkmenistanJan 24, 2026President approves work on legal framework for artificial intelligenceTurkmenistan has no AI law yet; planned rules would set liability and standards.Turkmenistan: Golden AgeNot stated
TurkmenistanAug 29, 2026National AI strategy being prepared with UNDP experts, MFA institute saysAny future AI rules for health care would flow from this strategy and planned legal framework.Institute of International Relations, MFA of TurkmenistanNot stated
UgandaSep 1, 2026Health minister says government plans to bring AI into healthcareAI may reach clinics before any clinical AI rules exist.MonitorNot stated
UkraineJun 16, 2026Government adopts new medical device rules, effective end of 2030Medical software, including AI, will face MDR-level checks only from 31 December 2030.State Service on Medicines and Drugs ControlNot stated
United Arab EmiratesJun 14, 2026UAE creates federal AI and Data Authority, absorbing the Data OfficeThe body meant to enforce the privacy law never fully operated; this may change that.Sharjah24Not stated
United Arab EmiratesJul 20, 2026Abu Dhabi completes 12 disease registries built from Malaffi dataPatient records now feed registries used for planning and research, with AI planned next.ARN News CentreNot stated
United KingdomSep 10, 2026National commission publishes 44 recommendations on regulating healthcare AIProposes patients be told when AI is used in their care.GOV.UK (MHRA)Not stated
United StatesJan 8, 2026FDA guidance takes more wearable and decision support features out of oversightMore AI tools patients and clinicians use may reach market without FDA review.MedTech DiveNot stated
UruguaySep 2, 2026Health Ministry and PAHO assess readiness to use AI in public healthFirst step toward a national AI in health strategy.ConsultorSaludNot stated
UruguaySep 10, 2026Health Ministry announces mandatory registry for AI projects in health servicesWould let the ministry object to or stop AI uses in patient care.Nacion (citing Busqueda)Not stated
UzbekistanJan 21, 2026New law bars rights decisions based solely on AI and fines misuseSets a human-oversight rule and fines of 50 to 100 base units for unlawful AI data use.Spot.uzNot stated
Vatican CityMay 16, 2026Holy See sets up an interdicasterial commission on artificial intelligenceIt will share information on AI policies used inside the Holy See, beyond the Governatorato's 2024 rules.Vatican NewsNot stated
Vatican CityMay 25, 2026Pope Leo XIV's first encyclical addresses artificial intelligence and power over dataIt calls vital information such as health data the 'new rare earths of power'.Vatican NewsNot stated
VenezuelaFeb 19, 2026Science ministry issues the country's first code of ethics for AIAsks for consent and human accountability in AI, including health uses, but sets no sanctions.Ciudad CCSNot stated

How we graded the direction

We found every candidate with a word net over the news items (AI and its compounds, artificial intelligence, machine learning, algorithm; every match read) and excluded two "health aid" items an early net caught by accident. Planned and prospective flows count where the item describes the flow. The full method with the exact net ships in the repo as analysis/mechanism/METHOD.md. This question is a candidate for the next version of our scoring rules; it changes no score in this one.

The AI comes to the data: a worked example

Every AI product answers one question: where does the raw value go when the model needs it. To a cloud model, to an attested remote enclave, or nowhere, because the model runs where the data lives. The third answer is the LifeCare preprint by Raphael Gernot (Enbarca Inc.), Zenodo DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22855810, explained at lifecare.id/paper.

What it is not: a preprint, not a peer-reviewed paper; one production node, not a national system; a wellness system, not clinical care; attestation not yet hardware-rooted. All limits as the paper states them. It is cited as a reference implementation, never scored. The control half of this exhibit cites the same design for the person-held keys.

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